- Około 14 mln Polaków jest objętych ubezpieczeniami chorobowymi dołączanymi do ubezpieczeń na życie
- W I kwartale 2022 r. wydaliśmy na nie ponad 0,5 mld zł. To o 35% więcej niż cztery lata temu
- Wystąpienie poważnego zachorowania i braku pieniędzy na jego leczenie to jedne z największych obaw Polaków.
- Dlatego rośnie zainteresowanie opcjami gwarantującymi wypłatę w takiej sytuacji i programami profilaktycznymi
Kupujemy coraz chętniej i wydajemy coraz więcej na ubezpieczenia na wypadek choroby, które są opcjami dodatkowymi do ubezpieczeń na życie. Jeśli porównać dane publikowane przez Komisję Nadzoru Finansowego w pierwszych kwartałach poszczególnych lat, to okaże się, że obecnie suma składek płaconych za takie ubezpieczenia jest obecnie około 35% wyższa, cztery lata temu. W I kwartale 2019 r. ubezpieczyciele zebrali z tytułu takich umów prawie 385 mln zł, a po I kwartale 2022 r. było to już niemal 519 mln zł.
Coraz więcej osób pod ochroną
Skąd taki wynik? Okazuje się, że w porównywanych okresach istotnie wzrosła liczba polis i objętych ochroną klientów. Po I kwartale 2022 r. liczba takich umów sięgnęła 2,9 mln, a ochroną było objętych około 14 mln osób (z tego 11,7 mln w ramach umów grupowych, a 2,3 mln w ramach indywidualnych). Dla porównania cztery lata wcześniej było to odpowiednio niecałe 1,7 mln umów i 11,6 mln osób (10,4 mln w umowach grupowych i 1,2 mln w indywidualnych)
Dane KNF pokazują, że na takie wyniki najbardziej wpłynął wzrost liczby indywidualnych polis na życie. Ich liczba skokowo wzrosła w I kwartale 2020 r. do 2,1 mln sztuk, wobec 1,2 mln sztuk rok wcześniej. Po I kwartale 2022 r. było to jeszcze więcej, bo 2,3 mln polis.
Nieco inaczej wygląda sytuacja w segmencie polis grupowych. Na koniec I kwartału 2022 r. takich umów było 588 tys. (wobec 440 tys. w I kwartale 2019 r.). To nieco mniej niż 594 tys. w I kwartale 2021 r.
– Widać niewielki 7% spadek liczby osób ubezpieczonych w tym zakresie w I kwartale 2022 r. w porównaniu do I kwartału 2021 r. Można zaryzykować tezę, że część przedsiębiorców, którym dała się we znaki pandemia i zawirowania w gospodarce, zrezygnowała z programów ubezpieczeń grupowych bądź ograniczyła jego zakres. Jednak nie ulega wątpliwości, że w ciągu ostatnich czterech lat ten segment rynku nabrał znaczenia – komentuje Xenia Kruszewska, Dyrektor Działu Ubezpieczeń Zdrowotnych i Pracowniczych w SALTUS Ubezpieczenia.
Co znajdziemy w polisach?
Co tak naprawdę kupujemy, płacąc za tego typu ubezpieczenia? Chodzi tu o różnego rodzaju opcje dołączane do polis na życie zapewniające w razie choroby dostęp do lekarza, wykonanie określonych operacji czy zabiegów, pobyt w szpitalu czy rehabilitację. Innym istotnym elementem są opcje zapewniające wypłatę świadczeń w razie stwierdzenia poważnego zachorowania. Uzyskaną od ubezpieczyciela kwotę można przeznaczyć na dowolny cel. Może być to więc leczenie, rehabilitacja lub niezbędna pomoc czy opieka, nawet hospicyjna.
– Zwykle tego typu ubezpieczenie jest oferowane jako opcja dodatkowa do podstawowej umowy ubezpieczenia na życie. Odrębnie określa się również sumę ubezpieczenia, czyli kwotę, jaką klient dostanie w razie zdiagnozowania poważnego zachorowania. Trzeba też zdecydować się, na wypadek jakich chorób chcemy się ubezpieczyć, bo rozpiętość jest tu bardzo duża – wyjaśnia Xenia Kruszewska.
W podstawowej wersji ubezpieczenie na wypadek poważnego zachorowania obejmuje zwykle cztery najczęściej występujące choroby: różnego rodzaju nowotwory złośliwe, udar mózgu, zawał serca czy schorzenia wymagające przeszczepu narządów. Ale są też opcje pozwalające rozszerzyć tę listę nawet do 25 przypadków. Wówczas może ona obejmować też – obok czterech już wymienionych takie sytuacje jak np. pomostowanie naczyń wieńcowych (tzw. by-passy), zakażenie HIV w czasie transfuzji, chorobę Alzheimera, stwardnienie rozsiane, niewydolność wątroby, utratę wzroku lub mowy itp.
– W przypadku umów grupowych, czyli tych zawieranych np. przez firmy i obejmujących pracowników, jest też możliwość rozszerzenia ubezpieczenia na życie z opcją poważnych zachorowań o pokrycie kosztów związanych z profilaktyką schorzeń kardiologicznych, onkologicznych czy neurologicznych. Im wcześniej zdiagnozuje się problemy w tym zakresie i im wcześniej zacznie się je leczyć, tym łatwiej o łagodniejszy przebieg czy nawet uniknięcie danego schorzenia. Dlatego tego typu programy mogą być oferowane w ramach tzw. medycyny pracy. Daje to realne oszczędności pracodawcy, bo obowiązkowe usługi medycyny pracy nie są obciążone podatkiem PIT i składką ZUS – zwraca uwagę Xenia Kruszewska.
Odpowiedź na obawy
Wzrost zainteresowania ubezpieczeniami chorobowymi nie dziwi, bo wystąpienie poważnego zachorowania i jego skutków to obawy najczęściej dręczące Polaków. Z Raportu Mapa Ryzyka opracowanego przez Polską Izbę Ubezpieczeń wynika, że ciężkiej choroby obawia się 87% respondentów, nowotworu 81%, a utraty sprawności i braku pieniędzy na leczenie po 80%. To cztery z pięciu największych obaw Polaków (obok śmierci najbliższej osoby 85%).
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